More exciting are the various new techniques for MV (e.g. Recent data suggest that control of driving pressure (plateau pressure-positive end-expiratory pressure) and mechanical power applied during ventilation may also be beneficial. The current approaches focus on reduction of lung stress and strain by limitation of alveolar-plateau pressure and tidal volume. This understanding has led to search for strategies to attenuate VALI and improve survival. While several factors are involved, the main drivers of the pathogenesis are regional overdistention and clinical atelectasis. However, in clinical practice, the term ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) is more appropriate. Life-saving mechanical ventilation (MV) induces or exacerbates a range of pulmonary pathologies, collectively known as ventilator-induced lung injury if there is evidence of direct causation (i.e. Rajkumar Rajendram, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, UK. Strategies to Prevent Ventilator-associated Lung Injury in Critically III PatientsĪlex Joseph 1, Muhammad Faisal Khan 2, Rajkumar Rajendram 3, 4ġDepartment of Anaesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Changi General Hospital, Simei, Singapore, 2Department of Anaesthesiology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, 3Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 4Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UKĪddress for correspondence: Dr. Indian Journal of Respiratory Care Volume 7 | Issue 1 | Year 2018